Comparison of Maternal Factors and Neonatal
Outcomes between Elective Cesarean Section
and Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery
Chuenrutai Yeekian MNS*, Somsak Jesadapornchai MD*,
Kongsak Urairong MD*, Somruk Santibenjakul MD*,
Wanphen Suksong MNS*, Chaivej Nuchprayoon MD*
Affiliation :
* Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Chonburi, Thailand
Background : The rising rate of cesarean section has been of concern worldwide. Maternal factors and neonatal outcomes
of cesarean section and vaginal delivery remain unclear.
Objective : To compare the differences of maternal factors and neonatal outcomes between mothers who underwent Elective
Cesarean Section (ECS) and spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD)
Material and Method: A cross-sectional descriptive research studied all delivery data of Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial
Hospital between June 1, 2010 and May 31, 2011. Two thousand eight hundred seventy six deliveries were included. From
these, 648 mothers delivered by ECS while 2,228 mothers delivered by SVD. The data quality was tested via the agreement
between the 115 sampling delivery records and the same delivery of the extracted data. The percent agreement was 99%
(minimum 97-maximum 100). Pearson’s Chi-square test and an independent t-test were used to compare the distribution
or mean of two groups as appropriate. The statistically significant difference was defined as p-value less than 0.05.
Results : The statistically significant differences of maternal factors, and neonatal outcomes between mothers who underwent
ECS and SVD were found as follows. The ECS mother showed the mean age (28.7 (3.5) vs. 27.1 (3.8) years, p<0.001), the
mean (SD) of number of antenatal care (9.9 (2.8) vs. 7.0 (3.3) times, p<0.001) and the mean (SD) of hematocrit (36.8 (3.3)%
vs. 35.8 (3.5)%, p = 0.001) greater than SVD mother.
The neonates of ECS mother had weight greater than SVD (3,194.5 vs. 3,078.3 grams, p = 0.001), and showed
the percentage of presence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) higher than the neonate of SVD mother (5.5% vs. 0.4%,
p = 0.010). The neonates of SVD mother had mean Apgar scores at first minute (8.0 vs. 7.9 scores, p = 0.015) and at fifth
minute (9.8 vs. 9.5 scores, p = 0.001) greater than the neonates of ECS mother. They demonstrated the percentages of
presence of meconium stain in amniotic fluid (MSAF) and presence of cord accident higher than neonate of CS mother
(5.3% vs. 2.5%, p = 0.002, and 16.9% vs. 2.5%, p = 0.001, respectively).
Conclusion : The neonates of ECS mother had a greater weight and a higher risk for pulmonary problems. The neonates
of SVD mother have a higher risk for MSAF, cord accident, and meconium aspiration. It reflected the need for prolong
process of labor and delivery prevention.
Keywords : Elective Cesarean section (ECS), Spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD), Maternal factors, Neonatal outcomes
All Articles
Download