Fatal Myeloencephalitis Following Yellow Fever Vacci nation in a Case with HIV Infection

KITISAK KENGSAKUL, M.D.*, KRIENGKRAI SATHIRAPONGSASUTI, M.D.*, SOMPONE PUNYAGUPTA,M.D.,MPH., TM.*

Affiliation : *Department of Medicine, Vichaiyut Hospital, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.

AbstractA 53 year old physically healthy man, unaware of any immunocompromised condition developed rapidly fatal myelomeningoencephalitis following a live-attenuated yellow fever vacci nation. He was found to have asymptomatic HIV infection with high viral loads and low CD 4 counts. This is the first reported case of such an incidence in the world literature. It is strongly suggested that in countries where HIV infection is endemic, an HIV blood test should be performed prior to the yellow fever vaccination and the vaccine should not be given to those immunocom promised persons.

Keywords : Yellow Fever Vaccine, Myeloencephalitis, HIV Infection

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