Correlation between Clinical Manifestations of Glomerular Disease and Renal Pathologies in an Urban Thai Population
Natthanan Krajangjaeng, MD1, Tanun Ngamvichchukorn, MD1
Affiliation : 1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
Background: Glomerular disease is a common cause of end-stage renal disease. The diagnosis of glomerular disease requires evaluation and confirmation by renal biopsy, which is crucial for accurate disease classification, prognosis, and management. Although numerous populationbased epidemiological studies have been conducted globally, variations in clinicopathological correlations persist.
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the clinical manifestations of glomerular disease and histopathological diagnoses in urban Thai patients with glomerular disease.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included patients with clinical manifestations suggestive of glomerular disease who underwent native renal biopsy at Vajira Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, between 2019 and 2022. Data, including age, gender, underlying disease, laboratory data, clinical symptoms, and pathological diagnoses, were obtained.
Results: A total of 401 patients with a mean age of 44.40±15.20 years were included in the present study. Of the 401 patients, 242 were females (60.3%), and 159 were males (39.7%). The most common clinical manifestation was asymptomatic proteinuria (42.4%), followed by nephrotic syndrome (36.2%), nephritic syndrome (9%), rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (5.7%), asymptomatic hematuria (4%), and chronic glomerulonephritis (2.7%). Lupus nephritis (LN) (23.7%), IgA nephropathy (21.9%), and diabetic nephropathy (DN) (21.9%) were the most common histopathological diagnoses. Asymptomatic proteinuria was most associated with DN and IgA nephropathy, whereas nephrotic syndrome was frequently linked to LN and DN.
Conclusion: The predominant clinical manifestation was asymptomatic proteinuria, and the main pathological finding was LN. The present study provides valuable insights into the correlation between the clinical manifestations of glomerular disease and renal pathology and sheds light on the diverse clinical manifestations and underlying pathological diagnoses in patients with glomerular disease.
Received 28 November 2024| Revised 12 March 2025 | Accepted 12 March 2025
Keywords : Glomerular disease; Renal biopsy; Renal pathology
