Comparison of Dexpanthenol and Zinc Oxide Ointment with Ointment Base in the Treatment of Irritant Diaper Dermatitis from Diarrhea: A Multicenter Study
Siriwan Wananukul MD*, Wanida Limpongsanuruk MD**, Srisupalak Singalavanija MD**, Wanee Wisuthsarewong MD***
Affiliation : * Chulalongkorn University, ** Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health *** Siriraj Hospital Bangkok
Background : Severity of irritant diaper dermatitis (IDD) from diarrhea varies from patient to patient depend-
ing on the nature of feces and the number of bowel movements. The purpose of the present study was to compare
the effectiveness of dexpanthenol and zinc oxide ointment with ointment base in the treatment of irritant
diaper dermatitis from acute diarrhea in children by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL).
Materials and Methods : Forty-six children with diarrhea were prospectively, block randomized, investigator-
blinded to receive dexpanthenol and zinc oxide ointment on one side and ointment base on the other side.
TEWL was measured before and on days 1, 3, and 7 of treatment together with the assessment of severity score.
The efficacy of treatment was defined by complete clearance of the lesion.
Results : TEWL in the treated and control side was not different before the application of the topical medica-
tion. In the present study, the efficacy of 5% dexpanthenol and zinc oxide ointment on D3 was 39% (18 from 46
patients) compared to 32% in the ointment base side. On D7, the efficacy of the treated side was 58.7% and the
ointment base side was 56%. The patients who still had skin lesions were those who had prolonged diarrhea.
On the treated side, the mean of TEWL was lower than the control side on D1 (p = 0.18) and had significant
improvement on D3 (p = 0.002). At the end of the present study, TEWL on the treated side was less than TEWL
of the control side but it did not have statistical significance (p = 0.07). There was no rash or sign of
abnormality on the treated side at the end of D7.
Conclusion : In the treatment of IDD from acute diarrhea, 5% dexpanthenol and zinc oxide ointment signifi-
cantly decreased TEWL in the treated side more than the ointment base on day3 but the severity score was not
significantly different on days 1, 3 and 7.
Keywords : Dexpanthenol, Zinc oxide, Irritant diaper dermatitis, Diarrhea, Transepidermal water loss
