Result of Standard Patch Test in Patients Suspected of Having Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Jongkonnee Wongpiyabovorn MD, PhD*, Porntip Puvabanditsin MD**
Affiliation : * Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University ** Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University
Contact dermatitis is a common skin disease. Disease was diagnosed by a history of contact sub- stance together with geographic distribution of lesion. Up till now, standard patch test is one of the most reliable test to identify and confirm causative agent of allergic contact dermatitis. To determine the rate of positive standard patch test and to identify the common allergen of contact dermatitis in Thailand, we per- formed the standard patch test in 129 patients, suspected having allergic contact dermatitis at Department of Dermatology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thailand from June1, 2003 to September 1, 2004. The rate of positive standard patch test is 59.7% ( n=77/129). The most 3 common positive allergens were nickel sulfate (18.60%), cobalt chloride (17.05%) and fragrance mix (14.73%), respectively. The chance of positive standard patch test significantly correlated with sex (woman), initial diagnosis as contact dermatitis and history of house-worker (p=0.017, p=0.005 and p=0.023, respectively). Whereas, there were no significant correlation between the chance of positive standard patch test and age of patient, location of lesion, history of recurrence, history of atopy, history of drug and food allergy. In addition, history of metal allergy signifi- cantly correlated with the chance of positive nickel sulfate or cobalt chloride in standard patch test (p=0.017). In conclusion, this study demonstrated the prevalence of causative allergen of contact dermatitis in Thai patients using that standard patch test. Moreover, our data shown that the chance positive standard patch test was greater in patient, who were women or initial diagnosed as contact dermatitis or had history of house- worker or history of metal allergy.
Keywords : Contact dermatitis, Standard patch test, Allergen
