The Pattern of Maxillofacial Fractures in the Traumatic Brain Injury Patients in Songklanagarind Hospital: A Retrospective Study

Orawan Chansanti MD¹, Yaninee Anusitviwat MD¹, Atthawit Mongkornwong MD¹

Affiliation : ¹ Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Songklanagarind Hospital, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand

Background : Maxillofacial injuries are commonly associated with brain injuries, with the major etiological factors being traffic collision, violence, and fall from height. The incidence and etiology are important for the development of treatment and for the improvement of patient care in the future.
Objective : To analyze the incidence of patterns of maxillofacial fractures with traumatic brain injuries and to measure the incidence of cause of injury, age, gender distribution, and length of stay in hospital.
Materials and Methods : The present study was a retrospective study in Songklanagarind Hospital. The authors evaluated the patients that presented with a concomitant maxillofacial and traumatic brain injury in Songklanagarind Hospital between 2007 and 2016. The data were assessed using multiple logistic modeling and reported in term of percentage and corresponding 95% confidence intervals.
Results : Eight hundred fifty-nine patients were studied, consisting of 73.3% male and 22.7% female. The mean age was 39.5 years. The severity of the traumatic brain injury was mild and 70.15% with associated alcohol consumption. The maxilla bone fracture was common in 49.9%. The patients with mild to moderate traumatic brain injury were related to the coronoid process of mandible and severe traumatic brain injury was related to Le Fort fracture type II and III.
Conclusion : In the present study, the maxilla bone fracture was the most frequent site involved. In addition, there was an association between the severity of the head injury and the type of maxillofacial injury.

Received 1 May 2020 | Revised 15 September 2020 | Accepted 17 September 2020
doi.org/10.35755/jmedassocthai.2021.02.11330

Keywords : Traumatic brain injury, Maxillofacial fracture

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