Pooled Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review

Phasu Hantrakul¹, Wisarud Prechaporn¹, Chetta Ngamjarus², Kittisak Sawanyawisuth¹, Sittichai Khamsai¹

Affiliation : ¹ Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand ² Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Materials and Methods: The present study is a systematic review. The inclusion criteria were observational or epidemiological studies conducted in patients with PCOS to evaluate the prevalence of OSA. Four electronic databases were used for systematic searching, including PubMed, Science Directe, Scopus, and CINAHL Plus, from inception to September 26, 2022. Meta-analysis using a random-effects model was used to pool the results of the included studies.
Results: Among the 3,940 records retrieved from the four databases, they were screened to identify an included study. Of those, 12 observational studies (82,460 patients) met our inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The most common study type was cohort study (5 studies). Six studies were conducted in the US, while other studies were conducted in Brazil, the UK, China, Taiwan, and India. Our findings found that the pooled prevalence of OSA from 10 studies (887 patients) was 40.4% (95% CI 24.3% to 58.9%). A subgroup analysis by age group found that adult patients (9 studies with 859 patients) had a lower prevalence of OSA than adolescents (1 study with 28 patients) (38.7% vs. 57.1%). While the pooled incidence of OSA from 2 studies (81,573 patients) was low at 0.7% (95% CI 0.2% to 2.0%).
Conclusion: The pooled prevalence of OSA in patients with PCOS was higher than previous systematic reviews at 40.4%. Physicians should be aware of OSA in patients with PCOS.

Received 28 February 2024 | Revised 11 April 2024 | Accepted 2 May 2024
DOI: 10.35755/jmedassocthai.2024.S01.S161-S167

Keywords : Obstructive sleep apnea; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Prevalence; Systematic review; Meta-analysis

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