Prevalence of Comorbid Diseases and Drug Interactions in Persons with Epilepsy Treated at a University Hospital
Monchanok Chartchamni1, Nanthaphan Chainirun1,4, Sineenard Mungmanitmongkol2,4, Kittisak Sawanyawisuth3, Somsak Tiamkao3,4
Affiliation : 1 Department of Pharmacy, Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand 2 Division of Nursing, Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand 3 Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand 4 Integrated Epilepsy Research Group, Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
Objective: To report prevalence of comorbid diseases and potential drug interaction in persons with epilepsy who had comorbid diseases in a University Hospital.
Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand. The authors performed a search on hospital database by using the code of the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD-10) for epilepsy (G40). The inclusion criteria were adult patients with an age of 18 years or over who treated and recorded by the hospital database. The study period was between January 1st, 2015 and December 31st, 2020. Prevalence of comorbid diseases and drug interactions of patients with epilepsy were reported.
Results: There were 1,288 persons with epilepsy met the present study criteria. Of those, 565 patients (46.01%) were male. The average (SD) age of all patients was 47.00 (SD 18.86) years. There were 450 patients (36.64%) who had at least one comorbid disease. The top four comorbid diseases were hypertension (73 patients; 16.22%), cerebrovascular diseases (56 patients; 12.44%), diabetes (55 patients; 12.22%), and dyslipidemia (48 patients; 10.67%). The top 10 drug interactions between anti-epileptic drugs and the treatment of comorbid diseases were detected. Of those, one pair had major severity, while the other nine pairs were moderate severity. The top three drug interactions were folic acid/phenytoin (24.90%), aspirin/sodium valproate (19.18%), and simvastatin/ phenytoin (13.06%).
Conclusion: Hypertension was the most common comorbid disease in persons with epilepsy. Drug interactions between anti-epileptic drugs and prescribed medications for comorbid diseases should be aware.
Received 6 March 2024 | Revised 2 May 2024| Accepted 9 May 2024
DOI: 10.35755/jmedassocthai.2024.S01.S86-S90
Keywords : Hypertension; Diabetes; Cerebrovascular diseases; Folic acid
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