Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Myelodysplastic Syndromes: A Single Center Study in Thailand
Theerin Lanamtieng1, Nattiya Teawtrakul1, Chinadol Wanitpongpun1, Pisa Phiphitaporn1, Pornpim Tuntibundit1
Affiliation : 1 Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
Background: In Thailand, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) characteristics differ from existing literature. There is a compelling need for the study, the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and prognostic factors within the context.
Objective: To demonstrate the characteristics, overall survival (OS) outcome and factors associated with OS of myelodysplastic syndromes in a university hospital in Thailand.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort was performed. Newly diagnosed MDS from 2014 to 2023 were reviewed. Kaplan-Meier curve was used to illustrate OS and Cox regression analysis was performed to demonstrate factors associated with OS.
Results: The present study revealed 145 newly diagnosed MDS cases, with a median age of 72 years. About 70% exhibited at least one comorbidity. eighty-nine percent of the cohort revealed normal cytogenetics. Only 10% underwent gene sequencing, with TET2 and SF3B1 mutations were the most prevalent. Employing the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R), our findings illustrated that higher-risk patients (>3.5 score of IPSS-R) experienced poorer OS than lower-risk groups. Multivariable Cox regression analysis identified that absolute neutrophil count (ANC) <0.8×10³/μL (hazard ratio (HR) 2.40 (1.28 to 4.50)), blast count ≥5% (HR 3.89 (2.17 to 6.97)) and the presence of at least one comorbidity (HR 1.70 (1.01 to 2.88)), were predictors of inferior OS.
Conclusion: The present study demonstrated some different disease features from previous literature. Higher-risk groups in IPSS-R can predict inferior outcomes. Low ANC, increased blast count, and the presence of at least one comorbidity were identified as significant factors associated with poor outcomes.
Received 6 February 2024 | Revised 4 July 2024 | Accepted 11 July 2024
DOI: 10.35755/jmedassocthai.2024.S01.S44-S49
Keywords : Myelodysplastic syndromes; Outcomes; Prognosis
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