Depression, Generalize Anxiety Disorder, and School Avoidance in Early School Years in Pupils with Poor Reading Ability
Tiraya Lerthattasilp¹,⁶, Paskorn Sritipsukho²,⁵,⁶, Sirashat Hanvivattanakul³, Patarawut Sritipsukho⁴, Issarapa Chunsuwan²
Affiliation : ¹ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand; ² Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand; ³ Medical student, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand; ⁴ Medical student, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; ⁵ Center of Excellence in Applied Epidemiology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand; ⁶ Research Group in Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
Background: Children with poor reading ability may be at risk of early mental health problems.
Objective: To determine an association between poor reading ability and generalize anxiety, school avoidance and depression among pupils in early school years.
Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in 1,038 pupils studying in Grade 2 in 8 primary schools in Thailand. All pupils were individually assessed in their reading abilities by the Thai Standard Reading Tests. Generalized anxiety disorder and significant school avoidance were screened by using the Thai version of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED). Depression was screened by using the Thai version of the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ).
Results: A total of 877 pupils completed the tests. The mean age was 7.0 years (SD 0.4 years). The prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder, significant school avoidance, and depression were 18.4% (95% CI 15.8 to 20.9), 32.2% (95% CI 29.1 to 35.3), and 36.0% (95% CI 32.9 to 39.2), respectively. Poor reading ability was significantly associated with school avoidance with the odds ratio of 2.2 (95% CI 1.5 to 3.3, p<0.001) and depression with the odds ratio of 1.8 (95% CI 1.2 to 2.6, p=0.005), but was not significantly associated with generalized anxiety disorder.
Conclusion: Poor reading ability was associated with school avoidance and depression in early school years. Emotional problems should be screened early in those with poor reading ability.
Received 24 April 2023 | Revised 15 July 2023 | Accepted 10 August 2023
DOI: 10.35755/jmedassocthai.2023.08.13880
Keywords : Poor reading ability; Anxiety; Depression; School avoidance; Mental health
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