Left Ventricular Geometric Patterns in Newly Diagnosed Hypertension: An Echocardiographic Study
Sukrisd Koowattanatianchai¹, Akaraphol Sukonthanit², Vimonsri Rangsrisaeneepitak², Chatkaew Kanjanaampol³, Akaphol Kaladee⁴
Affiliation : ¹ Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Burapha Hospital, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand; ² Department of Medicine, Burapha Hospital, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand; ³ Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Bang Lamung Hospital, Chonburi, Thailand; ⁴ School of Health Science, Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University, Nonthaburi, Thailand
Objective: To investigate patterns of left ventricular (LV) geometric patterns in patients diagnosed with new-onset hypertension using transthoracic echocardiography. The LV diastolic function was also evaluated in these patients.
Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study that clinically evaluated patients diagnosed with new-onset hypertension at Burapha University Hospital. To classify LV geometric patterns, electrocardiogram, and transthoracic echocardiography to measure LV mass index and relative wall thickness were performed. Other relevant assessments were also conducted, including the diastolic function.
Results: Fifty-five patients diagnosed with new-onset hypertension were enrolled, their mean age was 55.3 years, with a standard deviation of 11.8 years. Of all participants, 70.9% (95% CI 57.1 to 82.4) had concentric remodeling, 16.4% (95% CI 7.8 to 28.8) had concentric hypertrophy, 10.9% (95% CI 4.1 to 22.3) had normal geometry and 1.8% (95% CI 0.1 to 9.7) had eccentric hypertrophy. Of all participants, 81.8% were detected to have abnormal LV diastolic dysfunction. Abnormal relaxation pattern was the most common format.
Conclusion: In the present study, approximately 10.9% of patients diagnosed with new-onset hypertension had normal LV geometry, whereas 89.1% had abnormal geometry in different patterns. Concentric remodeling was found to be the predominant abnormal geometrical format. Understanding LV geometric patterns helps clinicians stratify risk, predict prognosis, and make informed decisions about treatment strategies for these patients.
Received 19 December 2022 | Revised 17 August 2023 | Accepted 12 September 2023
DOI: 10.35755/jmedassocthai.2023.10.13905
Keywords : Hypertension; Left ventricular geometric pattern; Diastolic dysfunction
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