Prevalence and Risk Factors of Peripheral Arterial
Disease Among Thai Dialysis Patients
Atiporn Ingsathit MD, PhD***, Voravech Nissaisorakarn MD**,
Pongpan Thanak MD**, Chagriya Kittiyakara MD**,
Vasant Sumethkul MD**, Surasak Kantachuvesiri MD, PhD**, Piyanut Pootracool MD***
Affiliation :
* Section for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University,
Thailand
** Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University,
Thailand
*** Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University,
Thailand
Objective : To identify the prevalence and risk factors of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in dialysis patients covering both
hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.
Material and Method: All consecutive cases of stable dialysis patients in Ramathibodi hospital from September 2013 to
December 2013 were surveyed. Patients were classified as having PAD if they had ankle-brachial blood pressure index (ABI)
values of ≤0.9 or >1.4. We also measured toe-brachial blood pressure index (TBI) and TBI ≤0.6 was classified as abnormal
TBI. Data were analyzed to identify the prevalence and risk factors of PAD.
Results : Among these 269 stable dialysis patients, the mean age was 48.8+15.1 years and 56.9% were male. The mean
dialysis vintage was 52.6±41.8 months. The prevalence of PAD was 11.5% and the prevalence of abnormal TBI was 29.7%.
Multivariate regression analysis found that increased body mass index (BMI), history of coronary artery disease (CAD), and
increased pulse pressure were associated with PAD.
Conclusion : The prevalence of PAD among long-term stable dialysis patients in Thailand was around one-tenth. The prev-
alence of abnormal TBI was higher than those of abnormal ABI criteria. Factors associated with PAD were increased BMI,
history of CAD, and increased pulse pressure.
Keywords : ABI, dialysis, Peripheral arterial disease, prevalence, TBI
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