Validity and Reliability of Thai Version of the Foot and
Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) Subjective Form
Marut Arunakul MD*,
Preeyaphan Arunakul MD, FRCAT**, Chakhrist Suesiritumrong MD*,
Chayanin Angthong MD*, Bancha Chernchujit MD*
Affiliation :
* Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
** Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
Background : Self-administered questionnaires have become an important aspect for clinical outcome assessment of foot
and ankle-related problems. The Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) subjective form is a region-specific questionnaire
that is widely used and has sufficient validity and reliability from previous studies.
Objective : Translate the original English version of FAAM into a Thai version and evaluate the validity and reliability of
Thai FAAM in patients with foot and ankle-related problems.
Material and Method: The FAAM subjective form was translated into Thai using forward-backward translation protocol.
Afterward, reliability and validity were tested. Following responses from 60 consecutive patients on two questionnaires, the
Thai FAAM subjective form and the short form (SF)-36, were used. The validity was tested by correlating the scores from
both questionnaires. The reliability was adopted by measuring the test-retest reliability and internal consistency.
Results : Thai FAAM score including activity of daily life (ADL) and Sport subscale demonstrated the sufficient correlations
with physical functioning (PF) and physical composite score (PCS) domains of the SF-36 (statistically significant with
p<0.001 level and ≥0.5 values). The result of reliability revealed highly intra-class correlation coefficient as 0.8 and 0.77,
respectively from test-retest study. The internal consistency was strong (Cronbach alpha = 0.94 and 0.88, respectively).
Conclusion : The Thai version of FAAM subjective form retained the characteristics of the original version and has proved
a reliable evaluation instrument for patients with foot and ankle-related problems.
Keywords : Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), Validity, Reliability, Short form 36 general health outcome (SF-36),
Questionnaire
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