Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Deposition: A Clinical and Laboratory Analysis of 91 Thai Patients

WORA WIT LOUTHRENOO, M.D.*, WARAPORN SUKITAWUT, B.Sc.*

Affiliation : * Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.

AbstractThe clinical features and laboratory findings of 91 Thai patients (33 males and 58 females) with CPPD crystal deposition disease were studied. Their average age was 71.54 years. Acute mono- arthritis and oligoarthritis were the two most common forms of presentation and were seen in 89 per cent of cases. The knee, wrist and ankle were the three most common joints involved. Associated diseases were common and included hypertension (30 cases), renal insufficiency (23 cases), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (17 cases), coronary heart disease (13 cases) and diabetes mellitus (12 cases). Eleven patients had malignancies. Five patients had concomitant gout and CPPD crystal deposition disease. The knee and the wrist were the two most common sites of chondrocalcinosis. Of 67 patients who had thyroid function tested, 2 had hyperthyroidism and 5 had hypothyroidism. Hypomagnesemia was seen in 19 per cent. None had hypercalcemia, hypophosphatasia, hemochro- matosis or hyperparathyroidism. In contrast to the western series, acute arthritis in our series res- ponded well to oral colchicine alone.

Keywords : Crystal-induced Arthropathy, Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate (CPPD), Pseudo- gout, Acute Arthritis, Clinical and Laboratory Analysis

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